APRIL 2026 CLIENT LETTER

April 1, 2026

Dear Valued Investor,

As the Iran conflict enters its second month, geopolitical stress continues to test investors. Historical stock market performance during geopolitical conflicts helps remind us that stocks are far more resilient than the moment may suggest. As we assess today’s environment and the uncertainties surrounding ongoing military operations in Iran, we focus on two past conflicts we believe are instructive, though past performance does not guarantee future results.

The two periods offer contrasts. In 1990, at the start of the first Gulf War, the U.S. economy was slipping into recession. Corporate profits were flattening, inflation remained elevated, and consumer confidence was fragile. With little fundamental support in place, markets initially struggled. Yet even then, equities began recovering well before the conflict formally ended, anticipating eventual stabilization.

By contrast, in 2003, when the Iraq War began, the economy had already healed from the dotcom bust and the 2001–2002 corporate accounting scandals. Corporate earnings were rebounding, monetary policy was supportive, and valuations were reasonable. With stronger fundamentals in place, markets responded positively after hostilities started and began a five-year bull market that didn’t peak until October 2007.

Today, we see elements of both periods — but importantly, we do not see evidence that the long‑term economic or earnings outlook has been meaningfully impaired. First and foremost, a demilitarized Iranian regime would ultimately contribute to a safer world and more stable markets, mitigating a key geopolitical risk that has persisted for nearly five decades. From a market perspective, nothing about the current conflict undermines our confidence in the long‑term attractiveness of equities. For stocks, the more positive 2003 path seems more likely than 1990.

Beyond the human element, we can all acknowledge that this environment is uncomfortable. The damage the Iranian regime has inflicted on energy and other infrastructure in the region is unsettling. Iran maintains control of the Strait of Hormuz. There is no easy off ramp. Yet history shows that markets often recover well before geopolitical tensions fully resolved and frequently with surprising force once clarity begins to emerge. As stocks hinted at with big gains on the last day of March, that outcome remains possible in our view.

While no one can predict how long this period of volatility will last, the underlying economic foundation and corporate America’s earnings power remain strong. Attractive opportunities are likely to emerge from this downdraft once U.S. military objectives are achieved and tankers can move freely through the strait.

We believe it important to keep portfolio risk at or near long-term targets and remain well diversified. For long-term focused investors, we see opportunities take advantage of weakness.

Warmest regards,

Wayne Rigney

 

Important Information

This material is for general information only and is not intended to provide specific advice or recommendations for any individual. There is no assurance that the views or strategies discussed are suitable for all investors or will yield positive outcomes. Investing involves risks including possible loss of principal. Any economic forecasts set forth may not develop as predicted and are subject to change.

References to markets, asset classes, and sectors are generally regarding the corresponding market index. Indexes are unmanaged statistical composites and cannot be invested into directly. Index performance is not indicative of the performance of any investment and do not reflect fees, expenses, or sales charges. All performance referenced is historical and is no guarantee of future results.

All data is provided as of March 31, 2026.

All index data from FactSet.

There is no guarantee that a diversified portfolio will enhance overall returns or outperform a non-diversified portfolio. Diversification does not protect against market risk.

Past performance does not guarantee future results.

Asset allocation does not ensure a profit or protect against a loss.

This research material was prepared by LPL Financial, LLC.

Not Insured by FDIC/NCUA or Any Other Government Agency

 Not Bank/Credit Union Guaranteed Not Bank/Credit Union Deposits or Obligations

May Lose Value

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MARCH 2026 CLIENT LETTER

March 4, 2026

Dear Valued Investor,

Joint airstrikes against Iran targeting high-value military installations to hinder Iran’s nuclear development efforts and degrade its military capabilities while removing the Iranian regime from power are ongoing. The death of Iran’s Supreme Leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, marked a significant escalation in the conflict. Iran retaliated by launching a broad series of missile attacks directed at Israel and multiple Gulf states, including Qatar, the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, and Saudi Arabia. The repercussions have been felt across the region as global energy flows were disrupted and oil and gas prices surged. Tanker traffic in the Strait of Hormuz — through which roughly 20% of the world’s oil supply moves — is at a standstill. A sustained spike in energy prices would likely require evidence of a more prolonged disruption, something not evident at this time and not our base case.

Despite the severity of these events and the uncertain path forward, a historical stock market perspective is helpful. History shows that markets often recover quickly once conditions stabilize, typically within days or a few weeks, as long as the U.S. economy doesn’t slide into recession. Geopolitical shocks can elevate volatility, as this one has, but they do not typically derail longer‑term market trends unless the economic impact becomes both deep and persistent.

Our broader stock market outlook for 2026 remains constructive. A growing economy, bolstered by fiscal stimulus from the One Big Beautiful Bill Act and artificial intelligence (AI) investment, provides a supportive backdrop for stocks despite concerns about AI disruption. Earnings growth, particularly in technology, remains quite strong, powering S&P 500 earnings per share growth of 14% in the fourth quarter. The Federal Reserve remains likely to cut rates in the second half of the year, when inflation pressures are expected to ease. Despite the initial sell-off in Treasuries after the Iran strikes, interest rates remain at comfortable levels for the economy. In February, mortgage rates dipped below 6% for the first time since 2022, helping to support the important housing market. These dynamics suggest that any weakness related to geopolitical volatility may present a buying opportunity.

Our message for investors is to remain patient and be diversified. Staying the course during volatile and uncertain geopolitical environments can be difficult, but the stock market’s track record suggests it’s the right approach. Don’t let short‑term uncertainty obscure long‑term opportunities.

Last and certainly not least, we wish our service men and women in harm’s way a safe return home. Let’s all pray the world will be a safer place on the other side of this conflict.

As always, please reach out to me with questions. Thank you for your continued trust.

Warmest Regards,

Wayne Rigney

 

Important Information

This material is for general information only and is not intended to provide specific advice or recommendations for any individual. There is no assurance that the views or strategies discussed are suitable for all investors or will yield positive outcomes. Investing involves risks including possible loss of principal. Any economic forecasts set forth may not develop as predicted and are subject to change.

References to markets, asset classes, and sectors are generally regarding the corresponding market index. Indexes are unmanaged statistical composites and cannot be invested into directly. Index performance is not indicative of the performance of any investment and do not reflect fees, expenses, or sales charges. All performance referenced is historical and is no guarantee of future results.

All data is provided as of March 3, 2026.

All index data from FactSet.

The Standard & Poor’s 500 Index (S&P500) is a capitalization-weighted index of 500 stocks designed to measure performance of the broad domestic economy through changes in the aggregate market value of 500 stocks representing all major industries.

Bonds are subject to market and interest rate risk if sold prior to maturity. Bond values will decline as interest rates rise and bonds are subject to availability and change in price.

There is no guarantee that a diversified portfolio will enhance overall returns or outperform a non-diversified portfolio. Diversification does not protect against market risk.

Past performance does not guarantee future results.

Asset allocation does not ensure a profit or protect against a loss.

This research material was prepared by LPL Financial, LLC.

Not Insured by FDIC/NCUA or Any Other Government Agency

 Not Bank/Credit Union Guaranteed Not Bank/Credit Union Deposits or Obligations

May Lose Value

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FEBRUARY 2026 CLIENT LETTER

February 4, 2026

Dear Valued Investor,

Other than the historic volatility in gold and silver prices, the biggest news for markets in January may have been the nomination of Kevin Warsh as the next Federal Reserve (Fed) Chair. We anticipate a Warsh-led Fed will be able to steer the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) toward two rate cuts later this year, with help from easing inflation pressure. Remember, the Chair just gets one vote on the 12-member FOMC, so the health of the labor market and the path of inflation will be critical.

Warsh’s track record of flexibility on interest rate policy, his credibility with Fed officials, and prior advocacy for central bank independence should help ease concerns about the President’s influence. However, his preference for a smaller Fed balance sheet, now over $6.6 trillion, and his emphasis on fiscal responsibility could complicate the Treasury’s efforts to refinance government debt at lower rates. This dynamic will be important to watch because the U.S. government’s fiscal situation is not on a sustainable path.

One of the reasons Warsh is likely to push for lower rates, despite still-elevated inflation, is productivity gains from AI can help the economy grow faster with less inflation. Recent data shows U.S. nonfarm business productivity rose 4.9% in the third quarter of 2025, strong enough to counter inflationary pressures even amid solid economic growth. Technology and more efficient processes enable firms to produce more with fewer hours worked, a key reason economic growth will likely help push stocks higher.

AI investment is also helping drive a strong fourth quarter earnings season. S&P 500 companies are on track to deliver a fifth consecutive quarter of double-digit earnings growth. While this is driven mostly by the tech sector’s 30% earnings increase, keep in mind industrials are tracking toward 25% earnings growth. Several leading companies have cited tangible benefits of AI during earnings season, including Bank of America, Meta, and Costco. Strong earnings can help solidify the floor under stock prices, while cooling inflation and stable interest rates can help raise the ceiling by supporting higher valuations.

Looking ahead, the backdrop for stocks remains favorable. Massive AI investment is driving gains in productivity and earnings. Consumers will get tax refunds associated with the One Big Beautiful Bill Act starting this month. Positive stock market performance in January often bodes well for annual returns, though past performance does not guarantee future results. And increased participation in this bull market is encouraging — the average stock has outperformed the S&P 500 Index over the past three months*.

AI scrutiny, deficit spending, and geopolitics remain key risks. New Fed Chairs are often tested by markets, and midterm election years tend to be more volatile. Don’t let any volatility that may come along shake your confidence. It will not shake mine. I believe volatility creates opportunity. Stay invested and diversified.

As always, please reach out to me with questions.

Thank you for your continued trust.

Warmest Regards,

Wayne Rigney

 

Important Information

* The average stock is the equal weight version of the S&P 500. Return for the equal weighted S&P 500 over the past three months (since 11/03/25) is 6.7% vs. 2.1% for the regular S&P 500 over that period.

This material is for general information only and is not intended to provide specific advice or recommendations for any individual. There is no assurance that the views or strategies discussed are suitable for all investors or will yield positive outcomes. Investing involves risks including possible loss of principal. Any economic forecasts set forth may not develop as predicted and are subject to change.

References to markets, asset classes, and sectors are generally regarding the corresponding market index. Indexes are unmanaged statistical composites and cannot be invested into directly. Index performance is not indicative of the performance of any investment and do not reflect fees, expenses, or sales charges. All performance referenced is historical and is no guarantee of future results.

All data is provided as of February 4, 2026.

Any company names noted herein are for educational purposes only and not an indication of trading intent or a solicitation of their products or services. LPL Financial doesn’t provide research on individual equities.

All index data from FactSet.

The Standard & Poor’s 500 Index (S&P500) is a capitalization-weighted index of 500 stocks designed to measure performance of the broad domestic economy through changes in the aggregate market value of 500 stocks representing all major industries.

There is no guarantee that a diversified portfolio will enhance overall returns or outperform a non-diversified portfolio. Diversification does not protect against market risk.

Past performance does not guarantee future results.

Asset allocation does not ensure a profit or protect against a loss.

This research material was prepared by LPL Financial, LLC.

 

Not Insured by FDIC/NCUA or Any Other Government Agency

 Not Bank/Credit Union Guaranteed Not Bank/Credit Union Deposits or Obligations

May Lose Value

 

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JANUARY 2026 CLIENT LETTER

January 7, 2026

Dear Valued Investor,

Stocks had another strong year in 2025 as most market benchmarks enjoyed their third straight year of double-digit returns. Last year’s performance was particularly rewarding given how much stocks overcame — notably tariffs. Tariffs weren’t the only obstacle, as market concentration, high valuations, deficit spending, and inflation occupied spots on investors’ lists of worries. Reflecting on 2025, here are some noteworthy takeaways:

  • In our view, bears are usually wrong. The stock market had plenty of skeptics when 2025 began, just like 2023 and 2024. While stocks have down years, on average, they go up about three times as often as they fall (based on S&P 500 Index returns since 1980), though past performance does not guarantee future results.
  • Stocks usually follow earnings. S&P 500 companies in aggregate grew earnings at a double-digit pace in 2025 and have the potential do so again in 2026, bolstering stock performance. It’s no coincidence the technology sector produced some of the strongest earnings growth and best returns last year.
  • Policy matters; politics, less so. The volatility that almost ended the bull market last spring was driven mostly by tariffs, which directly impact corporate profitability. Once tariffs were reduced or removed, the major averages quickly reclaimed prior highs. If politics don’t hurt corporate profits, e.g., in a government shutdown, we believe they are unlikely to hurt the stock market.
  • Big market drawdowns and attractive annual returns can coexist. The S&P 500 dropped to 19% below its record high at its 2025 low on April 8 but ended more than 16% higher for the year. Since 1980, the S&P 500 has averaged an 11% annual gain (excluding dividends) and a 14% maximum intra-year drawdown. This perspective and a long-term focus can help ensure volatility doesn’t knock you off course as you pursue long-term goals.
  • Lower interest rates are good for both stocks and bonds. The Bloomberg U.S. Aggregate Bond Index gained more than 7% in 2025 on the back of lower interest rates as the Federal Reserve (Fed) lowered its target rate and inflation moderated. Those lower rates also helped stocks maintain lofty valuations at a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) near 22 based on the consensus S&P 500 earnings per share estimate for the next 12 months. Valuations are not good predictors of performance year to year.

Looking ahead to 2026, stocks face some of the same challenges they did in 2025. While tariffs may play a smaller role, policy uncertainty around midterm elections could contribute to more volatility in the year ahead. With fiscal stimulus, Fed rate cuts, and huge artificial intelligence investments coming, another year of gains appears likely.

As always, please reach out to me with questions.

Thank you for your continued trust.

Warmest Regards,

Wayne Rigney

 

Important Information

This material is for general information only and is not intended to provide specific advice or recommendations for any individual. There is no assurance that the views or strategies discussed are suitable for all investors or will yield positive outcomes. Investing involves risks including possible loss of principal. Any economic forecasts set forth may not develop as predicted and are subject to change.

References to markets, asset classes, and sectors are generally regarding the corresponding market index. Indexes are unmanaged statistical composites and cannot be invested into directly. Index performance is not indicative of the performance of any investment and do not reflect fees, expenses, or sales charges. All performance referenced is historical and is no guarantee of future results.

All data is provided as of January 7, 2026.

All index data from FactSet.

The Standard & Poor’s 500 Index (S&P500) is a capitalization-weighted index of 500 stocks designed to measure performance of the broad domestic economy through changes in the aggregate market value of 500 stocks representing all major industries.

The PE ratio (price-to-earnings ratio) is a measure of the price paid for a share relative to the annual net income or profit earned by the firm per share. It is a financial ratio used for valuation: a higher PE ratio means that investors are paying more for each unit of net income, so the stock is more expensive compared to one with lower PE ratio.

The Bloomberg U.S. Aggregate Bond Index is an index of the U.S. investment-grade fixed-rate bond market, including both government and corporate bonds.

There is no guarantee that a diversified portfolio will enhance overall returns or outperform a non-diversified portfolio. Diversification does not protect against market risk.

Past performance does not guarantee future results.

Asset allocation does not ensure a profit or protect against a loss.

This research material was prepared by LPL Financial, LLC.

Not Insured by FDIC/NCUA or Any Other Government Agency

 Not Bank/Credit Union Guaranteed Not Bank/Credit Union Deposits or Obligations May Lose Value

RES-0006531-1225 | For Public Use | Tracking #843899 | #843901 (Exp. 01/2027)

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OUTLOOK 2026 CLIENT LETTER

December 9, 2025

Dear Valued Investor,

LPL Research is pleased to present Outlook 2026: The Policy Engine. Their annual update offers a thorough analysis of the economy and markets, highlighting potential implications for you. I’m pleased to bring you a few of the key highlights today.

The year 2025 offered a clear illustration of today’s prevailing market regime — one that has been shaped less by traditional fundamentals and business cycle dynamics and more by fiscal and monetary policy. While policy has always influenced markets, its role has increasingly grown. What does this mean as we look ahead to 2026?

In an environment where policy decisions are one of the most powerful forces steering market direction, LPL Research believes patience is essential. Avoid overreacting to short-term sentiment swings, as policy- and momentum-driven markets tend to produce sharp price fluctuations — which can challenge our behavioral biases. We saw this in 2025, when stock prices swung from policy-induced lows to momentum-driven highs.

The good news: LPL Research anticipates policy will remain a net tailwind for markets in 2026. Short term interest rates are likely to continue easing as economic growth moderates and inflation stays contained. Corporate earnings may provide support, while core bonds quietly offer value (and should benefit from a more dovish Federal Reserve). In addition, given correlations can spike in policy-driven markets, investors may want to consider non-correlated alternative investments as part of a diversified approach.

Several key themes will likely continue shaping the landscape in 2026. Equity markets should remain resilient but vulnerable to volatility, while a fragmented economic backdrop limits clear trends in bonds. Policy decisions in Washington will remain a dominant force, influencing sentiment. The post-pandemic cycle is still distorted, with growth steady yet uneven, inflation persistently above target, and labor markets gradually softening. Add to this the effects of massive fiscal spending, an AI-driven capital investment boom, and more, and the result is an environment that defies traditional patterns. In this setting, diversification and agility are critical.

These are just some of the insights you’ll find in Outlook 2026: The Policy Engine. To get more, including considerations and potential action steps we can discuss, visit go.lpl.com/investoroutlook.

Wishing you a safe and enjoyable holiday season. As always, please reach out to me with questions.

Sincerely,

Wayne Rigney

 

Important Information

This material is for general information only and is not intended to provide specific advice or recommendations for any individual. There is no assurance that the views or strategies discussed are suitable for all investors or will yield positive outcomes. Investing involves risks including possible loss of principal. Any economic forecasts set forth may not develop as predicted and are subject to change.

References to markets, asset classes, and sectors are generally regarding the corresponding market index. Indexes are unmanaged statistical composites and cannot be invested into directly. Index performance is not indicative of the performance of any investment and do not reflect fees, expenses, or sales charges. All performance referenced is historical and is no guarantee of future results.

All data is provided as of December 9, 2025.

All index data from FactSet.

The Standard & Poor’s 500 Index (S&P500) is a capitalization-weighted index of 500 stocks designed to measure performance of the broad domestic economy through changes in the aggregate market value of 500 stocks representing all major industries.

There is no guarantee that a diversified portfolio will enhance overall returns or outperform a non-diversified portfolio. Diversification does not protect against market risk.

Past performance does not guarantee future results.

Asset allocation does not ensure a profit or protect against a loss.

This research material was prepared by LPL Financial, LLC.

Not Insured by FDIC/NCUA or Any Other Government Agency

 Not Bank/Credit Union Guaranteed Not Bank/Credit Union Deposits or Obligations

May Lose Value

 

RES-0006041-0925 | For Public Use | Tracking #830455 | #830456 (Exp. 12/2026)

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2026 Outlook Executive Summary

READ THE EXECUTIVE SUMMARY HERE

READ THE FULL OUTLOOK 2026 HERE

SUMMARY : This document presents LPL Research’s outlook for 2026, emphasizing the influence of policy decisions on market dynamics and investment strategies. ​

Market Dynamics and Policy Influence

  • The 2025 market was characterized by volatility driven more by fiscal and monetary policy than by traditional fundamentals. ​
  • Investors are advised to remain patient and avoid overreacting to short-term sentiment, as policy shifts can lead to significant price fluctuations. ​
  • A continued easing of monetary policy is expected, supporting market momentum and potentially benefiting corporate earnings. ​

Economic Outlook

  • The U.S. economy is projected to experience a modest slowdown in early 2026, followed by a rebound later in the year. ​
  • Resilience from AI-driven investments and fiscal spending is anticipated to offset weaker household activity, steering clear of recession. ​
  • A cooling labor market and reduced consumer demand should help ease inflation, with the Federal Reserve expected to gradually cut rates. ​

Investment Strategies

  • Stocks: The bull market is likely to continue, driven by enthusiasm for AI and easing monetary policy. ​ However, high valuations may temper gains, with an S&P 500 target range of 7,300 to 7,400. Investors should maintain current allocations and selectively increase equity exposure during pullbacks. ​
  • Bonds and Cash: Bonds present attractive income opportunities with elevated yields. ​ Investors are encouraged to focus on income generation rather than price appreciation, as returns on cash are expected to decline with rate cuts. ​
  • Currencies: The dollar’s long-term uptrend is respected, supported by big tech leadership and pro-growth stimulus. ​ However, potential monetary easing and trade policy uncertainties may limit upside. ​
  • Alternative Investments: Strategies that enhance diversification and mitigate downside risk are favored, including equity market-neutral and discretionary macro approaches. ​ Merger arbitrage and private equity are also seen as beneficial due to increased corporate deal-making. ​

General Disclosures

  • The document emphasizes that the opinions and forecasts are general and not tailored to individual investment needs. ​ It highlights the inherent risks in investing, including potential loss of principal and market volatility. ​ Investors are encouraged to consult financial professionals for personalized advice. ​
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